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A Glossary of Key Buddhist Terms and Concepts
1 |
Dissatisfaction and suffering (dukkha) exist |
2 | Dissatisfaction and suffering have an origin |
3 | The origin of dissatisfaction and suffering (dukkha) is grasping (tanhá) |
4 | There is a path that leads one out of dissatisfaction and suffering (dukkha). That path is the Noble Eight Fold Path |
The Four Houses of God (Brahma Viharas)
Boundless States, Divine Abodes, Bodhichitta (the Buddha mind):
1 | Metta | Loving Kindness |
2 |
Karuna | Compassion |
3 | Mudita | Sympathetic Joy |
4 | Upekkha | Equanimity |
The Four Material Ecstasies, meditative absorption states (rupa jhanas) "samprajana-samadhi" where there is awareness of the material senses and they are is free from 5 things (i.e. the hindrances, nívarana, q.v.):
1- The first jhana (effusive elation) contains 6 jhana factors:
Sati |
Mindfulness |
applied or initiating attention |
|
sustained attention |
|
joy |
|
bliss |
|
Ekaggatha |
one-pointedness |
2- Second jhana (tranquility, no effort of concentration, or no Vitakka & Vicara needed) contains 6 jhana factors:
Sati |
Mindfulness |
joy |
|
bliss |
|
Ekaggatha |
one-pointedness |
Passaddhi |
tranquility |
avitakka ca aicara |
no applied or sustained attention |
3- Third jhana (equanimity) contains 6 jhana factors:
Sati |
Mindfulness |
joy |
|
bliss |
|
Ekaggatha |
one-pointedness |
Passaddhi |
tranquility |
Upekkha |
equanimity |
4- Fourth jhana (freedom from suffering) contains 6 jhana factors:
Sati |
Mindfulness |
bliss |
|
Ekaggatha |
one-pointedness |
Passaddhi |
tranquility |
Upekkha |
equanimity |
Asukha ca Adukkha |
no pleasure & no pain |
Transitional phase absorption (nerupajhana-nearupajhana) between material (rupa) an immaterial (arupa) absorption (jhana), where OOBs and luminous orbs appear, as well as the recollection of former lives takes place.. No sensory stimuli "contact" remains.
The 8 jhana factors (jhánanga):
Sati |
Mindfulness |
bliss |
|
Ekaggatha |
one-pointedness |
Passaddhi |
tranquility |
Upekkha |
equanimity |
Asukha ca Adukkha |
no pleasure & no pain |
Avedana |
No sensory stimuli |
viriya, vîrya, kundalini |
Energy, lit. 'virility', vigor |
The Four Immaterial Attainments trances or raptures (nonmaterial absorptions) (arupa-jhanas) (Jhanas 5-8) "asamprajnata" or "nirvikalpa-samadhi." where there is no awareness of the material senses:
5th jhana | Sphere of Infinite Space | Akasanancayatana | absorption or union (yoga) with infinite space, or a God of infinite dimension |
6th jhana | Sphere of Infinite Consciousness | Vinnananaacayatana | Absorption or union (yoga) with the infinite consciousness of God, or Devekut with the Shekhinah (Kabbalah), absorption into infinite being, Indra's net of jewels (Mahayana Buddhism), Vishnu's Ocean of Milk (Hinduism), the cloud of truth (dharma meghaï) (yoga sutras). |
7th jhana | The Sphere of No-Thingness | Akincannayatana | absorption or union (yoga) with the Infinite in a non-dual state such that the contemplative cannot distinguish between either this nor that, neither self nor other, neither self nor god. "I am That" Tat Twam Assi. |
8th jhana |
The Sphere of Neither-Perception-nor-non-perception | Nevasannanasannnayatana | Cessation (nibbana/nirvana) union (yoga) with the Infinite in which there is no sensible dimension (blackness (the full enlightenment or annihilation (fana). |
Other absorption states not apparently described in the Buddha's Discourses
2 | absorption or union (yoga) with infinite time, or a God of infinite time, |
1 |
Panatipata veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami |
I undertake the precept to refrain from destroying living creatures. |
2 |
Adinnadana veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami |
I undertake the precept to refrain from taking that which is not given. |
3 |
Kamesu micchacara veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami |
I undertake the precept to refrain from sexual misconduct. |
4 |
Musavada veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami |
I undertake the precept to refrain from incorrect speech. |
5 |
Suramerayamajja pamadatthana veramani sikkhapadam samadiyami |
I undertake the precept to refrain from intoxicating drinks and drugs which lead to carelessness. |
The Five Hindrances (nivarana) to Enlightenment
1 |
kamacchandra | Sensual desire |
2 | vyapada | Ill-will or aversion |
3 | uddhacca-kukkucca | Restlessness and scruples (anxiety) |
4 | thina-middha | Sloth and Unconsciousness |
5 | vicikiccha | Doubt |
10 Fetters (samyojana) tying beings to the wheel of existence:
5 Lower Fetters (orambhagiya-samyojana) tying beings to the wheel of existence:
1 |
sakkaya-ditthi | Narcissism |
2 |
vicikiccha | Skeptical doubt |
3 | silabbata-paramasa | Clinging to rules, rights and rituals |
4 | kama-raga | Desire for sensuality |
5 | vyapada | Ill-will or aversion |
5 Higher Fetters (uddhambhagiya-samyojana)
1 |
rupa-raga | Craving for material existence |
2 |
arupa-raga | Craving for immaterial existence |
3 |
mana | Conceit |
4 | uddhacca | Restlessness |
5 |
avija | Ignorance |
The Five Aggregates (khandas/skhandas) of Cognition that cause the arising and passing away of mental structures (pancha-upadana-skhanda):
1 |
Body, matter, physical form | rupa |
2 | Sensuality, sensory stimuli | vedana |
3 |
Perception | sañña |
4 | Mental structures, states and objects | sañkhara |
5 |
Cognition | viññana |
The Five aggregates of one who is "beyond training:"
1 | Virtue |
Sila |
2 | Absorption | Jhana |
3 | Wisdom | Panna |
4 | Liberation | Vimuti |
5 | Knowledge and vision | Nanadassana |
The 6 Senses (áyatana) according to the Buddha:
1 | Seeing |
2 | Hearing |
3 | Smelling |
4 | Tasting |
5 | Touching |
6 | Cognition |
The Seven Factors of Enlightenment (bojjhanga), sambojjhanaga DN 22.16, n.689, 33.2.3(2):
1 |
Panna | wisdom | |
2 | Viriya | energy, kundalini | |
3 | Passaddhi | tranquility | 2nd jhana |
4 | Sati | awareness, mindfulness | 7th fold of the N8P |
5 | Upekkha | equanimity | 3rd jhana |
6 | Piiti | bliss or rapture | 1st jhana |
7 | Samadhi | meditative absorption | jhana |
Noble Eightfold Path:
1 | samma-ditthi |
right view (understanding) |
2 | samma-sankappa | right thought |
3 | samma-vaca | right speech |
4 | samma-kammanta | right action |
5 | samma-ajiva | right livelihood |
6 | samma-vayam |
right effort |
7 | samma-sati | right awareness (mindfulness) |
8 | samma-samadhi | right absorption |
The Twelve “fruits” (phala) of the contemplative life are Supranormal Powers (lokuttara balani) or higher types of wisdom, "knowledges."
1 | Upekkha | Equanimity |
2 | Fearlessness | |
3 | Adukkha | Beyond Pain and Discomfort |
4 | Jhana | Meditative absorption |
5 | Manomaya | lit. "mind-made body" (OOB), "wields manifold supranormal powers" |
6 | Dibba-sota | "divine ear-element" (Clairaudience) |
7 | parassa ceto-pariya-ñána | knows the awareness of other beings (mental telepathy) |
8 | s. patisandhi, paticca samuppada, pubbenivásánussati | lit. “rethinking” or "dependent origination" or recollection of manifold past lives |
9 | Dibba-cakkhu | lit. "Divine eye" or "sees beings passing away & re-appearing" (Clairvoyance) |
10 | ending of mental agitation | |
11 | Nanadassana | lit “knowledge" (nana) and "vision" (dassana) |
12 | vikubbaná-iddhi | power of transformation |
See the Samaññaphala Sutta (DN 2) or the Kayagata-sati Sutta (MN 119). The claim that some of these "fruits" are "mundane" is pure dogma with no suttic support. They are all "supramundane" according to the Buddha.